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Initial Settings for Ubuntu

This article is a guide to help you quickly configure the initial settings when you install the desktop version of Ubuntu in VirtualBox. It is assumed that English is selected as the language setting during installation, and Minimal Install is selected.

wget http://forest0923.github.io/memo/docs/ubuntu/initial-settings/ubuntu-initial-settings.sh
chmod +x ubuntu-initial-settings.sh
./ubuntu-initial-settings.sh

Systems Setup​

  • Ubuntu 18.04 LTS (minimal install)
  • Ubuntu 20.04 LTS (minimal install)

Initial Settings​

Set the Time to Sleep​

Set the time as follows.

gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.session idle-delay 0

Customize Dock​

Add favorite applications to dock.

gsettings set org.gnome.shell favorite-apps "['firefox.desktop', 'org.gnome.Terminal.desktop', 'org.gnome.Nautilus.desktop']"

Change the icon size.

gsettings set org.gnome.shell.extensions.dash-to-dock dash-max-icon-size 36

Change Server for apt​

sudo sed -i.bak -e 's%http://jp.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/%http://ftp.jaist.ac.jp/pub/Linux/ubuntu/archives/%g' /etc/apt/sources.list

Reduce the Time to Shutdown​

sudo sed -i 's/#DefaultTimeoutStopSec=90s/#DefaultTimeoutStopSec=90s\nDefaultTimeoutStopSec=10s/' /etc/systemd/system.conf

Reference:

systemd

Settings of Resolution​

Use xrandr to set the resolution.

xrandr --output Virtual1 --mode 1440x900

To run the command above at OS startup, add it to the autostart as follows.

if [ ! -d /home/$USER/.config/autostart ]; then
    mkdir /home/$USER/.config/autostart
fi
cat <<EOF > /home/$USER/.config/autostart/xrandr.desktop
[Desktop Entry]
Type=Application
Exec=xrandr --output Virtual1 --mode 1440x900
Hidden=false
NoDisplay=false
X-GNOME-Autostart-enabled=true
Name=monitor_resolution
Comment=Change builtin monitor resolution
EOF

Mute Error Sounds in Terminal​

sudo sed -i 's/# set bell-style none/set bell-style none/' /etc/inputrc

Install Common Applications​

Editor​

sudo apt install vim-gtk3

Terminal Multiplexer​

sudo apt install tmux

Git​

sudo apt install git

Compiler and etc.​

sudo apt install build-essential

Tweak Tool​

sudo apt install gnome-tweak-tool