multi-disks + btrfs + grub

Install Arch Linux with the following settings.

Settings
Dual Booting	false
Filesystem	Btrfs
Boot Loader	GRUB
Disk	multi-disks
Disk Encryption	false

System

• Storages:
  • /dev/sda
  • /dev/sdb
  • /dev/sdc

Install

Keymaps

Change the keymap to the one you use for the installation. For a Japanese keyboard, use jp106.

loadkeys jp106

Time Settings

Execute the following command to use the NTP (Network Time Protocol).

timedatectl set-ntp true

Optimizing Mirrorlist

Optimize the mirror list using reflector to access mirror servers with fast access during installation.

pacman -Syy
pacman -S reflector
reflector -c Japan --sort rate -a 6 --save /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist

The meaning of the reflector option is as follows.

Options	Description
-c Japan	Restrict mirrors to selected countries.
--sort rate	Sort by download rate.
-a 6	Restrict to servers synchronized within 6 hours.
--save /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist	Save the mirror list to the specified path.

Disk Partitioning and Formatting

Use gdisk to create partitions. We will create an EFI partition (about 200MB) in /dev/sda, and the rest of the space and devices will be Linux Filesystem.

gdisk /dev/sda
gdisk /dev/sdb
gdisk /dev/sdc

/dev/sda1: EFI system (200M)
/dev/sda2: Linux filesystem
/dev/sdb1: Linux filesystem
/dev/sdc1: Linux filesystem

EFI partition is formatted as fat, and Linux Filesystem is formatted as BTRFS.

mkfs.fat -F32 /dev/sda1
mkfs.btrfs /dev/sda2 /dev/vdb1 /dev/vdc1

Create subvolume and mount devices.

mount /dev/sda2 /mnt
btrfs su cr /mnt/@
btrfs su cr /mnt/@home
btrfs su cr /mnt/@snapshots
btrfs su cr /mnt/@var_log

umount /mnt

mount -o noatime,compress=lzo,space_cache=v2,subvol=@ /dev/sda2 /mnt
mkdir -p /mnt/{boot,home,.snapshots,var/log}
mount -o noatime,compress=lzo,space_cache=v2,subvol=@home /dev/sda2 /mnt/home
mount -o noatime,compress=lzo,space_cache=v2,subvol=@snapshots /dev/sda2 /mnt/.snapshots
mount -o noatime,compress=lzo,space_cache=v2,subvol=@var_log /dev/sda2 /mnt/var/log

mount /dev/sda1 /mnt/boot

Base Install

Sometimes updating archlinux-keyring is needed.

pacman -Syy
pacman -S archlinux-keyring

Install packages in /mnt.

Intel

pacstrap /mnt base linux linux-firmware vim intel-ucode

AMD

pacstrap /mnt base linux linux-firmware vim amd-ucode

fstab

Generate the fstab file, which holds the information about which device to mount.

genfstab -U /mnt >> /mnt/etc/fstab

Change the Root Directory

Use chroot to set /mnt as the root directory.

arch-chroot /mnt

Localization

Create a symbolic link to /etc/localtime to change the time zone.

ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Tokyo /etc/localtime

Set the hardware clock to the current system clock. The system clock is the clock managed by the OS, and the hardware clock is the clock managed by the motherboard (hardware). when the OS is rebooted, the system clock stored in memory is lost, so the time is obtained from the hardware clock.

hwclock --systohc

To set the locale, first generate the locale. Uncomment the entries you want to use in /etc/locale.gen and run locale-gen.

sed -i 's/#en_US.UTF-8/en_US.UTF-8/' /etc/locale.gen
locale-gen

Execute the following command to set the locale of the system.

echo LANG=en_US.UTF-8 >> /etc/locale.conf
echo KEYMAP=jp106 >> /etc/vconsole.conf

Hostname

Register hostname in /etc/hostname.

echo arch > /etc/hostname

Edit /etc/hosts and set IP address corresponding to hostname.

echo -e "127.0.0.1\tlocalhost
::1\t\tlocalhost
127.0.1.1\tarch.localdomain\tarch" >> /etc/hosts

Root Password

Set the password of root user.

passwd

Install Additional Packages

pacman -S grub efibootmgr networkmanager network-manager-applet \
  dialog os-prober mtools dosfstools base-devel linux-headers reflector \
  git xdg-utils xdg-user-dirs bluez bluez-utils

Configuring mkinitcpio

Change the configurations, and reflect the changes with mkinitcpio.

sed -i 's/MODULES=()/MODULES=(btrfs)/' /etc/mkinitcpio.conf
mkinitcpio -p linux

Bootloader

Install Grub and create config file.

grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --efi-directory=/boot --bootloader-id=GRUB
grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg

Systemd

Enables NetworkManager.

systemctl enable NetworkManager

Enables Bluetooth.

systemctl enable bluetooth

Enables reflector. The execution options are written in /etc/xdg/reflector/reflector.conf.

systemctl enable reflector.service  # update mirrorlist every boot

systemctl enable reflector.timer    # update mirrorlist weekly

Add User

Add user with useradd and set the password.

useradd -mG wheel mori
passwd mori

Give the user priviledges.

EDITOR=vim visudo

- # %wheel ALL=(ALL) ALL
+ %wheel ALL=(ALL) ALL

Reboot

exit
umount -a
reboot

Fonts

Copy fonts from windows partition.

sudo mkdir /usr/share/fonts/WindowsFonts
sudo cp /windows/Windows/Fonts/* /usr/share/fonts/WindowsFonts/
sudo chmod 644 /usr/share/fonts/WindowsFonts/*
fc-cache -f

Install Desktop Environment

Desktop Environment